A high-level Russian delegation is set to visit Syria’s capital, Damascus, in the coming days to hold comprehensive talks with the Syrian Caretaker Government (SCG). This marks the first official engagement between Moscow and the new administration since the ousting of Bashar al-Assad in December 2024, signaling a potential shift in Russia’s role in Syria as it navigates its relationship with the SCG during the nation’s transitional phase.
The delegation, led by Russian Deputy Foreign Minister and Special Presidential Envoy to the Middle East, Mikhail Bogdanov, will include representatives from the Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Defense, as well as officials from Russia’s economic sector and other key institutions.
According to a Russian source cited by Asharq Al-Awsat, the visit is intended to “launch a comprehensive dialogue” addressing political, military, and economic relations between the two countries. Discussions are expected to cover a wide range of topics, including Assad’s asylum, Russian investments in Syria, and the future of Russia’s military presence in the region.
Redefining Russia-Syria Relations
Moscow, a longtime ally of the Assad regime, now faces the challenge of recalibrating its influence in Syria. The SCG, led by Ahmad al-Sharaa, has emphasized the importance of maintaining Syria’s independence while fostering balanced partnerships with major powers, including Russia.
Al-Sharaa described the relationship between Syria and Russia as “deep and strategic,” highlighting cooperation in military, economic, and cultural fields. However, he noted that Syria seeks to avoid entanglement in international conflicts, stating that the country’s priority is “to serve the interests of its people through balanced partnerships.”
Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov echoed this sentiment, reaffirming Moscow’s commitment to supporting Syria’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. Lavrov stated that the Russian embassy in Damascus has maintained daily contact with the SCG, expressing a desire to “be useful in efforts aimed at normalizing the situation.”
Key Issues on the Agenda
The upcoming dialogue will address several unresolved issues, including the asylum status of Assad and his family. While the specifics of any asylum arrangements remain unclear, the discussions are likely to include terms for Russia’s continued military and economic involvement in Syria.
Russia’s military presence, particularly its bases in Hmeimim and Tartus, is expected to be a focal point of the talks. Moscow has signaled its interest in using these facilities to facilitate humanitarian and economic aid while maintaining a strategic foothold in the Mediterranean.
Economic relations will also feature prominently. Russian companies previously secured lucrative contracts in Syria under Assad’s regime, and their status will likely be reviewed during the discussions. Moscow has expressed interest in leveraging its investments to play a constructive role in Syria’s recovery while ensuring its economic interests are protected.
Russia’s Balancing Act
Russia’s engagement with the SCG highlights its effort to remain a key player in Syria’s transitional phase while adjusting to the realities of a post-Assad era. President Vladimir Putin has pledged to support the Syrian people through the challenges of reconstruction, emphasizing the importance of preserving Syria’s sovereignty and territorial integrity.
However, Moscow faces competing pressures. On one hand, it seeks to maintain its influence in Syria and safeguard its investments. On the other, it must navigate a shifting political landscape where the SCG appears intent on broadening its international partnerships and reducing dependence on any single ally.
Challenges & Opportunities Ahead
As Russia redefines its role in Syria, its ability to adapt to the SCG’s priorities will be crucial. The new administration has made it clear that it values partnerships that prioritize Syria’s national interests, signaling a departure from the dynamics of the Assad era.
For Moscow, the upcoming dialogue represents both a challenge and an opportunity. By aligning its policies with Syria’s transitional goals, Russia can position itself as a constructive partner in the country’s recovery. However, failure to adapt could diminish its influence in a region where new alliances are rapidly taking shape.
